CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS OF MAQÃSHID SYARI’AH ABDUL ATHÎ AND THE IMPLICATIONS IN RESPONDING TO THE SOCIAL PHENOMENON OF TA’ARRUF ONLINE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20414/ijhi.v20i2.393Keywords:
Ta’aruf online, Maqãshid, shari’ah, Muhammad Abdul Athî Muhammad Ali, Social PhenomenonAbstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the conceptual Maqãshid Syari’ah developed by an Egyptian fiqh expert Muhammad Abdul Athî Muhammad Ali, and its implications in reconstructing fiqh as an effort to respond to the symptoms of new social phenomena in today’s society. Recently, there have been many community social activities labeled as Islam, but at the practical level, they are indicated to be contrary to the principles of Islamic teachings. One of these phenomena is Ta’arruf online, where Ta’arruf has become a new lifestyle for some Muslims, especially those who have just made the hijrah process. However, this phenomenon is alleged to be another method to get a partner to marry quickly, which the Ikhwan (male) uses to trick the Akhwat (women) who vent their lust or lust. The theory developed by Abdul Athî, a senior scholar at Al-Azhar University in Egypt, attempts to reconstruct the thinking paradigm of the millennial generation in viewing online ta’arruf as a symptom of a social phenomenon. The limited understanding of the millennial generation towards religion sometimes triggers and gives birth to new problems. Through a library study of his main work entitled Al-Maqãshid Al-Syar’iyyah wa Atsãruhã fî Al-Fiqh Al-Islãmî and several other works as well as data analysis by Miles and Huberman, the results show thatIn the perspective of Al-Athi’s maqãshid Sharia, producing a fiqh law today must be built with the principle of prudence, supported by an in-depth study of the condition of society, so that a clear fiqh rule is born that can solve solutions, not problems.
References
‘Audah, Jãsir. Maqãshid Al-Syarî’ah Kafalsafah Li Tasyrî’i Al-Islãmî. USA: Al-Ma’had Al-‘Ãlamî Lil Fikr Al-Islãmî, 2012.
Abidin, Z, and M Irfan. “Perjalanan Cintaku : Sebuah Studi Fenomenologis Tentang Pengalaman Pencarian Jodoh Pada Pria Pengguna Aplikasi Taâ€TMAruf Online Indonesia.” Empati 8, no. 3 (2020).
Al-Alusî, Syihãbuddîn As-Sayyid Mahmûd. Rûh Al-Ma’ãni Fî Tafsîr Al-Qurãn Al-Adzîm Wa As-Sab’u Al-Matsãnî. Beirut: Dãr Ihyã At-Turãts Al-Arabî, 1980.
Al-Andalûsî, Abû Hayyãn. Tafsîr Al-Bahru Al-Muhîth. Beirut: Dãr Ihyã At-Turãts Al-Arabî, 1981.
Al-Badawî, Yûsuf Ahmad Muhammad. Maqãshid Al-Syarî’ah ‘Inda Ibnu Taimiyyah. Jordania: Dãr An-Nafãis, 2000.
Al-Baidhãwî, Abdullah bin Umar bin Muhammad As-Syîrãzî. Anwãr At-Tanzîl Wa Asrãr At-Ta’wîl Tafsîr Al-Baidhãwî. Beirut: Dãr Ihyã At-Turãts Al-Arabi, 1987.
Al-Fasi, Ilal. Maqashid Al-Syari’ah Al-Islamiyah Wa Makarimuha. Maroko: Mathba’ah Al-Risalah, 1979.
Al-Jazãirî, Abû Bakar Jãbir. Aysaru At-Tafãsîr Li Kalãm Al-Alî Al-Kabîr. Jeddah: Racem, 1990.
Al-Qardhawi, Yusuf. Al-Usrah Kamã Yurîduhã Al-Islãm, 2004.
Al-Qurthûbî, Abu Abdullah Syamsuddîn. Al-Jãmi Li Ahkãm Al-Qurãn. Kairo: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Mishriyyah, 1964.
Alkandari, Kalthoum, and Zaha Alsuwailan. “Pressures Confronting Islamic Studies Curricula in Kuwait: Perspectives of Curricula Planners on Challenges and Confrontations.” Religious Education 114, no. 2 (2019): 97–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/00344087.2018.1537055.
An-Najjãr, Ahmad bin Muhammad bin As-Shãdiq. Maqãshid Al-Syarî’ah ‘Ala I’Tiqad Aimmah As-Salaf. Madinah: Dãr An-Nashîhah, 2015.
Ansari, Rasid, Linda Suwarni, Selviana, Rochmawati, and Mawardi. “Media Komik Sebagai Alternatif Media Promosi Kesehatan Seksualitas Remaja.” Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan 19, no. 1 (2020).
Ar-Rãzî, Fakhruddîn. Tafsîr Al-Fakhru Ar-Rãzî Mafãtîhul Ghaib. Beirut: Dãr Al-Fikr, 1981.
As-Sa’dî, Abdurrahmãn bin Nãshîr bin Abdullah. Taysîr Al-Karîm Ar-Rahmãn Fî Tafsîr Kalãm Al-Mannãn. Beirut: Muassah Ar-Risalah, 2000.
As-Shabûnî, Muhammad Alî. Sofwatu At-Tafãsîr. Beirut: Dãr Al-Qurãn Al-Karîm, 1981.
As-Sya’rãwî, Muhammad Mutawallî. Tafsîr As-Sya’rãwî. Kairo: Dãr Akhbãr Al-Yaum, 1991.
As-Syãthibî, Abû Ishãq. Al-Muwãfaqãt Fî Ushûli Al-Syarîah. Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-’Ilmiyyah, 2004.
Asyur, Muhammad Thahir bin. Maqashid Al-Syari’ah Al-Islamiyyah. Beirut: Dar Al-Salam, 1999.
Ath-Thabarî, Muhammad bin Jarîr. Tafsîr Ath-Thabarî Jãmî’ Al-Bayãn An Ta’wîl Ay Al-Qurãn. Beirut: Muassasah Ar-Risalah, 1994.
Athî, Muhammad Abdul. Al-Maqãshid Al-Syar’iyyah Wa Atsaruhã Fî Al-Fiqh Al-Islamî. Kairo: Dãr Al-Hadîst, 2007.
Az-Zuhailî, Wahbah bin Musthafã. At-Tafsîr Al-Munîr Fî Al-Aqîdah Wa As-Syarî’ah Wa Al-Manhaj. Beirut: Dar Al-Fikr Al-Mu’ashir, 1997.
Azhar, Hisyãm bin Sa’îd. Maqãshid Al-Syarî’ah ‘Inda Imãm Al-Haramain Wa Atsãruhã Fî At-Tasharrufãt Al-Mãliyyah. Riyãd: Maktabah Ar-Rusyd, 2010.
Bradford, John Mc Donald Wilson. “The Treatment of Sexual Deviation Using a Pharmacological Approach.” Journal of Sex Research 37, no. 3 (2000): 248–257.
Chopin, Julien, and Eric Beauregard. “Body Dismemberment in Sexual Homicide Cases: Lust Murder or Rational Decision?” Psychology, Crime and Law 0, no. 0 (2020): 1–21.
Durkin, Keith, Craig J. Forsyth, and James F. Quinn. “Pathological Internet Communities: A New Direction for Sexual Deviance Research in a Post Modern Era.” Sociological Spectrum 26, no. 6 (2006): 595–606.
Goldstein, Michael J., and Harold Sanford Kant. “Pornography and Sexual Deviance.” Pornography and Sexual Deviance 40, no. 3 (1976): 1–4.
James, Jennifer, Nanette J. Davis, and Peter Vitaliano. “Female Sexual Deviance: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis.” Deviant Behavior 3, no. 2 (1982): 175–195.
Katsîr, Abu Al-Fidã Ismãîl bin Umar bin. Tafsîr Al-Qurãn Al-Adzîm. Riyadh: Dar Thayyibah, 1999.
Machingambi, Severino. “The Impact of Globalisation on Higher Education: A Marxist Critique.” Journal of Sociology and Social Anthropology 5, no. 2 (2014): 207–215.
Ohee, C, and W Purnomo. “Pengaruh Status Hubungan Berpacaran Terhadap Perilaku Pacaran Berisiko Pada Mahasiswa Perantau Asal Papua Di Kota Surabaya.” The Indonesian Journal of Public Health 13, no. 2 (2018).
Pham, Anna T., Kevin L. Nunes, Sacha Maimone, and Chantal A. Hermann. “How Accurately Can Researchers Measure Criminal History, Sexual Deviance, and Risk of Sexual Recidivism from Self-Report Information Alone?” Journal of Sexual Aggression 27, no. 1 (2021): 106–119.
Prohaska, Ariane. “Help Me Get Fat! Feederism as Communal Deviance on the Internet.” Deviant Behavior 35, no. 4 (2014): 263–274.
Raisuni, Ahmad. Nazariyyat Al-Maqashid ‘inda Al-Imam As-Syathibi. Beirut: Al-Muassasah Al-Jami’iyyah Lil Dirasat Wa Al-Nasyr wa Al-Tauzi, 1995.
Rekers, George A., and Shasta Mead. “Female Sex‐role Deviance: Early Identification and Developmental Intervention 1 .” Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 9, no. 3 (1980): 199–203.
Ridhã, Muhammad Rasyîd. Tafsîr Al-Manãr. Kairo: Al-Haiah Al-Mishriyyah Al-Ammah Lil Kitab, 1990.
Sari, D N, A Darmana, and I Muhammad. “Pengaruh Faktor Predisposisi, Pemungkin, Dan Pendorong Terhadap Perilaku Seksual Di SMA Asuhan Daya Medan.” Jurnal Kesehatan Global, 1, no. 2 (2018).
Semerdjian, Elyse. “‘Because He Is so Tender and Pretty’: Sexual Deviance and Heresy in Eighteenth-Century Aleppo.” Social Identities 18, no. 2 (2012): 175–199.
Spada, Ashley H., and Elizabeth L. Jeglic. “A Cognitive-Based Indicator of Deviant Sexual Interest: Concurrent Validation of the Stroop Task.” Journal of Sexual Aggression 22, no. 2 (2016): 246–262.
Syahîd, Muhammad. Maqãshid Al-Syarî’ah Fî Isykãliyati At-Ta’rîf. Sudan: Muassasah Mu’minûn, 2015.
Thanthãwî, Muhammad Sayyid. Tafsîr Al-Wasîth Lil Qurãn Al-Karîm. Kairo: Ar-Risalah, 1987.
Wilpert, Julia. “Self-Reported versus Diagnosed Paraphilias in Outpatient Sexual Offenders.” Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology 29, no. 2 (2018): 252–264.
Yoder, Jamie R., Jesse Hansen, Donna Ruch, and Ashleigh Hodge. “Effects of School-Based Risk and Protective Factors on Treatment Success Among Youth Adjudicated of a Sexual Crime.” Journal of Child Sexual Abuse 25, no. 3 (2016): 310–325.
Abidin, Z, and M Irfan. “Perjalanan Cintaku : Sebuah Studi Fenomenologis Tentang Pengalaman Pencarian Jodoh Pada Pria Pengguna Aplikasi Taâ€TMAruf Online Indonesia.” Empati 8, no. 3 (2020).
Al-Alusî, Syihãbuddîn As-Sayyid Mahmûd. Rûh Al-Ma’ãni Fî Tafsîr Al-Qurãn Al-Adzîm Wa As-Sab’u Al-Matsãnî. Beirut: Dãr Ihyã At-Turãts Al-Arabî, 1980.
Al-Andalûsî, Abû Hayyãn. Tafsîr Al-Bahru Al-Muhîth. Beirut: Dãr Ihyã At-Turãts Al-Arabî, 1981.
Al-Badawî, Yûsuf Ahmad Muhammad. Maqãshid Al-Syarî’ah ‘Inda Ibnu Taimiyyah. Jordania: Dãr An-Nafãis, 2000.
Al-Baidhãwî, Abdullah bin Umar bin Muhammad As-Syîrãzî. Anwãr At-Tanzîl Wa Asrãr At-Ta’wîl Tafsîr Al-Baidhãwî. Beirut: Dãr Ihyã At-Turãts Al-Arabi, 1987.
Al-Fasi, Ilal. Maqashid Al-Syari’ah Al-Islamiyah Wa Makarimuha. Maroko: Mathba’ah Al-Risalah, 1979.
Al-Jazãirî, Abû Bakar Jãbir. Aysaru At-Tafãsîr Li Kalãm Al-Alî Al-Kabîr. Jeddah: Racem, 1990.
Al-Qardhawi, Yusuf. Al-Usrah Kamã Yurîduhã Al-Islãm, 2004.
Al-Qurthûbî, Abu Abdullah Syamsuddîn. Al-Jãmi Li Ahkãm Al-Qurãn. Kairo: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Mishriyyah, 1964.
Alkandari, Kalthoum, and Zaha Alsuwailan. “Pressures Confronting Islamic Studies Curricula in Kuwait: Perspectives of Curricula Planners on Challenges and Confrontations.” Religious Education 114, no. 2 (2019): 97–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/00344087.2018.1537055.
An-Najjãr, Ahmad bin Muhammad bin As-Shãdiq. Maqãshid Al-Syarî’ah ‘Ala I’Tiqad Aimmah As-Salaf. Madinah: Dãr An-Nashîhah, 2015.
Ansari, Rasid, Linda Suwarni, Selviana, Rochmawati, and Mawardi. “Media Komik Sebagai Alternatif Media Promosi Kesehatan Seksualitas Remaja.” Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan 19, no. 1 (2020).
Ar-Rãzî, Fakhruddîn. Tafsîr Al-Fakhru Ar-Rãzî Mafãtîhul Ghaib. Beirut: Dãr Al-Fikr, 1981.
As-Sa’dî, Abdurrahmãn bin Nãshîr bin Abdullah. Taysîr Al-Karîm Ar-Rahmãn Fî Tafsîr Kalãm Al-Mannãn. Beirut: Muassah Ar-Risalah, 2000.
As-Shabûnî, Muhammad Alî. Sofwatu At-Tafãsîr. Beirut: Dãr Al-Qurãn Al-Karîm, 1981.
As-Sya’rãwî, Muhammad Mutawallî. Tafsîr As-Sya’rãwî. Kairo: Dãr Akhbãr Al-Yaum, 1991.
As-Syãthibî, Abû Ishãq. Al-Muwãfaqãt Fî Ushûli Al-Syarîah. Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-’Ilmiyyah, 2004.
Asyur, Muhammad Thahir bin. Maqashid Al-Syari’ah Al-Islamiyyah. Beirut: Dar Al-Salam, 1999.
Ath-Thabarî, Muhammad bin Jarîr. Tafsîr Ath-Thabarî Jãmî’ Al-Bayãn An Ta’wîl Ay Al-Qurãn. Beirut: Muassasah Ar-Risalah, 1994.
Athî, Muhammad Abdul. Al-Maqãshid Al-Syar’iyyah Wa Atsaruhã Fî Al-Fiqh Al-Islamî. Kairo: Dãr Al-Hadîst, 2007.
Az-Zuhailî, Wahbah bin Musthafã. At-Tafsîr Al-Munîr Fî Al-Aqîdah Wa As-Syarî’ah Wa Al-Manhaj. Beirut: Dar Al-Fikr Al-Mu’ashir, 1997.
Azhar, Hisyãm bin Sa’îd. Maqãshid Al-Syarî’ah ‘Inda Imãm Al-Haramain Wa Atsãruhã Fî At-Tasharrufãt Al-Mãliyyah. Riyãd: Maktabah Ar-Rusyd, 2010.
Bradford, John Mc Donald Wilson. “The Treatment of Sexual Deviation Using a Pharmacological Approach.” Journal of Sex Research 37, no. 3 (2000): 248–257.
Chopin, Julien, and Eric Beauregard. “Body Dismemberment in Sexual Homicide Cases: Lust Murder or Rational Decision?” Psychology, Crime and Law 0, no. 0 (2020): 1–21.
Durkin, Keith, Craig J. Forsyth, and James F. Quinn. “Pathological Internet Communities: A New Direction for Sexual Deviance Research in a Post Modern Era.” Sociological Spectrum 26, no. 6 (2006): 595–606.
Goldstein, Michael J., and Harold Sanford Kant. “Pornography and Sexual Deviance.” Pornography and Sexual Deviance 40, no. 3 (1976): 1–4.
James, Jennifer, Nanette J. Davis, and Peter Vitaliano. “Female Sexual Deviance: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis.” Deviant Behavior 3, no. 2 (1982): 175–195.
Katsîr, Abu Al-Fidã Ismãîl bin Umar bin. Tafsîr Al-Qurãn Al-Adzîm. Riyadh: Dar Thayyibah, 1999.
Machingambi, Severino. “The Impact of Globalisation on Higher Education: A Marxist Critique.” Journal of Sociology and Social Anthropology 5, no. 2 (2014): 207–215.
Ohee, C, and W Purnomo. “Pengaruh Status Hubungan Berpacaran Terhadap Perilaku Pacaran Berisiko Pada Mahasiswa Perantau Asal Papua Di Kota Surabaya.” The Indonesian Journal of Public Health 13, no. 2 (2018).
Pham, Anna T., Kevin L. Nunes, Sacha Maimone, and Chantal A. Hermann. “How Accurately Can Researchers Measure Criminal History, Sexual Deviance, and Risk of Sexual Recidivism from Self-Report Information Alone?” Journal of Sexual Aggression 27, no. 1 (2021): 106–119.
Prohaska, Ariane. “Help Me Get Fat! Feederism as Communal Deviance on the Internet.” Deviant Behavior 35, no. 4 (2014): 263–274.
Raisuni, Ahmad. Nazariyyat Al-Maqashid ‘inda Al-Imam As-Syathibi. Beirut: Al-Muassasah Al-Jami’iyyah Lil Dirasat Wa Al-Nasyr wa Al-Tauzi, 1995.
Rekers, George A., and Shasta Mead. “Female Sex‐role Deviance: Early Identification and Developmental Intervention 1 .” Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 9, no. 3 (1980): 199–203.
Ridhã, Muhammad Rasyîd. Tafsîr Al-Manãr. Kairo: Al-Haiah Al-Mishriyyah Al-Ammah Lil Kitab, 1990.
Sari, D N, A Darmana, and I Muhammad. “Pengaruh Faktor Predisposisi, Pemungkin, Dan Pendorong Terhadap Perilaku Seksual Di SMA Asuhan Daya Medan.” Jurnal Kesehatan Global, 1, no. 2 (2018).
Semerdjian, Elyse. “‘Because He Is so Tender and Pretty’: Sexual Deviance and Heresy in Eighteenth-Century Aleppo.” Social Identities 18, no. 2 (2012): 175–199.
Spada, Ashley H., and Elizabeth L. Jeglic. “A Cognitive-Based Indicator of Deviant Sexual Interest: Concurrent Validation of the Stroop Task.” Journal of Sexual Aggression 22, no. 2 (2016): 246–262.
Syahîd, Muhammad. Maqãshid Al-Syarî’ah Fî Isykãliyati At-Ta’rîf. Sudan: Muassasah Mu’minûn, 2015.
Thanthãwî, Muhammad Sayyid. Tafsîr Al-Wasîth Lil Qurãn Al-Karîm. Kairo: Ar-Risalah, 1987.
Wilpert, Julia. “Self-Reported versus Diagnosed Paraphilias in Outpatient Sexual Offenders.” Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology 29, no. 2 (2018): 252–264.
Yoder, Jamie R., Jesse Hansen, Donna Ruch, and Ashleigh Hodge. “Effects of School-Based Risk and Protective Factors on Treatment Success Among Youth Adjudicated of a Sexual Crime.” Journal of Child Sexual Abuse 25, no. 3 (2016): 310–325.
